03 阅读理解

江苏5年中考1年模拟（2018-2022）英语真题分项汇编

专题03 阅读理解

【五年中考真题】

（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）Have you ever watched a show about the wild? A shark (鲨鱼) eats a seal! Lions run down a gazelle! Is all nature like that? All about eating and blood? Or is that just what keeps our eyes glued to the TV screen? Let’s look at sonic living things who work with each other instead of ripping each other apart.

When a lion kills a gazelle, it wants to eat as much as it can and maybe share the rest with its family. There are some living things that will take small pieces of another living thing’s body. Parasitism is when one living thing gets its energy from another living thing, does not give anything back, and hurts the thing it’s taking things from.

Now let’s get a little nicer. Sometimes a living thing will live off the body of another living thing without hurting it. They do not steal anything. They do not bite. Commensalism is when two living things live together and one gets good things out of it while the other is not hurt by it. Have you seen a picture of a whale (鲸) with rocky white things stuck to its skin? Those are barnacles(藤壶). They attach themselves to the whale, so nothing will try to eat them and they can eat things that float by.

Now let’s get really nice. While sharks are biting and lions are fighting, are there any animals that just get along? Yes! Actually, there are many. Mutualism is when two living things work together and both get good things out of it. Bees and flowers are the most common example. Without flowers, bees could not make honey. Without bees, flowers could not make new seeds. It’s win-win for these two. There are lots of animals that get along. Birds will live on the backs of zebras and eat the ticks that are drinking the zebra’s blood. The bird gets food. The zebra gets its ticks taken away. In some of these cases, one animal could not live without the other.

We use the word “Symbiotic (共生的)” for all of these kinds of relationships. Sometimes it’s good for one and bad for the other. Sometimes it’s just good for one. Sometimes it’s even good for both. So, it is nice to know that there are some living things out there that are finding ways to live together. We could pay attention to the animals that do not always make it on TV.

1．The writer mentioned a TV show about the wild in Paragraph 1 to ________.

A．tell a story B．solve a mystery

C．Introduce a subject D．discuss a programme

2．Which of the following best describes the relationship between bees and flowers?

A．Neighbours. B．Friends. C．Strangers. D．Partners.

3．How does the writer develop the passage?

A．By showing pictures. B．By giving examples.

C．By presenting reasons. D．By drawing conclusions.

4．What can we infer from the passage?

A．The world of living things remains to be explored.

B．More actions should be taken to protect living things.

C．TV programmes about living things require to be improved.

D．More money will be spent on documentaries about living things.

（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）

Lupe Medrano, a shy girl, was a straight-A student. Though Lupe had a sharp mind, she could not, no matter how much she tried, run as fast as the other girls. The truth was that Lupe was no good in sports.       

“I’ll never be good at sports.” She felt angry one rainy day as she lay on her bed, looking at the shelf her father had made to hold her awards. “I wish I could win something, anything, even marble(弹珠).”

At the word “marbles”, she sat up. “That’s it. Maybe I could be good at playing marbles, and marbles is a sport.” She rushed out of her room and found the marbles in her brother’s room.

She practiced shooting softly at first. The marble rolled from her thumb(拇指) and clicked against the targeted(作为目标的) marble. But the target wouldn’t budge. She tried again and again, but the power from her thumb made the targeted marble roll only an inch or two.

She realized her thumb was weak and then decided to squeeze(捏) a rubber eraser one hundred times, hoping it would strengthen her thumb.

The weeks passed quickly. Lupe worked so hard that one day, while she was drying dishes, her mother asked why her thumb was swollen(肿胀的).

“It’s muscle,” Lupe explained, “I’ve been practicing for the marbles championship.”

“You, honey?” Her mother, Mrs. Medrano, knew Lupe was no good in sports.

“Yeah, I beat Alfonso, and he’s pretty good.”

When her father, Mr. Medrano, heard this, he was very happy and encouraged Lupe.

Practice, practice, practice. Lupe got better and better. Then the day of the championship came. She beat her first competitor easily, and won one marble, and then one after another. At last, Lupe was in the final to play against a girl in a baseball cap. The girl never even looked at Lupe.

“I don’t know, Dad. She looks tough.”

“You can do it,” her father encouraged. “Just think of the marbles, not the girl, and let your thumb do the work.”

It was a tough fight. But finally Lupe won the most marbles and became the winner!

“I did it!” Lupe said under her breath. She rose from her knees, which hurt from bending all day, and hugged her father.

Back home, in her own bedroom, she was happy. She had always won praise because of her brains, but winning in sports was a new experience. She thanked her tired thumb. “You did it, thumb. You made me champion.” As its reward, Lupe went to the bathroom, filled the bathroom sink with warm water, and let her thumb swim as it pleased. Then she climbed into bed and fell into her sweet dreams.

5．What does the underlined word “budge” mean in this story?

A．Jump. B．Spin. C．Float. D．Move.

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